Effects of behaviors and surrounding environment on myopia before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal analysis of children and adolescents in China.

Aim: To investigate the relationship between related factors and visual acuity of Chinese school students before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Subject and methods: Chinese students from primary and secondary schools were included from the Chinese National Surveys on Students' Constitution and Health CNSSCH (2019). A total of 1496 participants completed follow-ups in June and December 2020, respectively. Generalized estimating equations were used to test the differences in visual environment. Logistic regression models were utilized to examine the roles of behaviors and surrounding environment changes associated with myopia before and during the pandemic. Results: The prevalence of myopia was 47.7%, 55.6%, and 57.2% in baseline and two follow-ups, respectively. Significant differences existed for gender, learning level, and region (all P < 0.05). The proportion of new myopia and myopia torsion was the highest in the primary schools. Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that screen time ≥ 4h/d (OR = 2.717), poor eye habits (OR = 1.477), insufficient lighting for studying at night (OR = 1.779), desk or roof lamps only (OR = 1.388), and poor sleep quality (OR = 4.512) were the risk factors for myopia (all P < 0.05), and eye exercises (OR = 0.417), milk intake (OR = 0.758), and eggs intake (OR = 0.735) were the protective factors for myopia (all P < 0.05). Conclusion: Prevalence of myopia increased among Chinese students before and during the COVID-19. It is necessary to pay more attention to the pupils' visual acuity, especially in primary school students, in the future. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10389-023-01900-w.

The Moderating Role of Family Resilience on the Relationship between COVID-19-Related Psychological Distress and Mental Health among Caregivers of Individuals with Eating Disorders in Post-Pandemic China.

COVID-19 has amplified long-standing emotional distress for vulnerable families. While abundant research highlights the importance of resilience under adverse circumstances, little has been undertaken to understand its effectiveness in helping caregivers of individuals with eating disorders (ED) navigate pandemic-related challenges. This paper presents findings of a cross-sectional study investigating the effects of COVID-19-related life disruptions (COLD) and COVID-19-related psychological distress (CORPD) on caregivers' depression, anxiety and stress, as well as the moderation role of individual resilience (IR) and family resilience (FR) during the post-pandemic period in China. A total of 201 caregivers of individuals experiencing ED participated in our online survey from May 2022 to June 2022. The association between pandemic-related stressors (i.e., COLD and CORPD) and mental health conditions were confirmed. FR moderated the relationship between CORPD and mental health outcomes, while IR independently contributed to low emotional distress. We call for intervention programs strengthening caregivers' FR and IR, which might benefit both patients and caregivers' well-being in the post-pandemic period.